David Yount, Jr., Assistant County Agent, LSU AgCenter reminds livestock owners that water consumption should be a top priority this time of year because the risk of dehydration. Each species has different water requirements that vary based on temperature and humidity, breed, size of the animal, lactation and exercise. Under certain conditions, water intake can increase by more than 100%. Not only is it important to ensure that animals have access to adequate amounts of water but it should also be palatable.
There can be a number of factors associated with decreased water consumption. Frequently cleaning water troughs minimizes stagnant water, algal growth and parasite reproduction. Neglecting to clean troughs may result in either an insufficient amount being consumed or various health problems. If the animals are still reluctant to drink after the troughs have been cleaned and filled with fresh water, it may be necessary to take a sample and have the water tested for any impurities. You may do so at your local extension office. Animals being hauled or relocated may also be reluctant to drink water “on the road” because it tastes or smells different than what they are accustomed to drinking. It is a good idea to either bring water, or use additives for flavoring. According to Dr. Christine Navarre, DVM, LSU AgCenter, electrolytes should never be added to water unless recommended by a veterinarian as treatment for an illness. Always keep water without electrolytes as free choice in addition to water that has been supplemented.
Knowing the approximate amount of water a species drinks is helpful in planning for trips or just simply watering at home. Horses weighing from 650 lbs. to 1,100 lbs. can drink anywhere from 6-18 gallons of water/head/day depending on variables. Beef and dairy cattle ranging from 400 to 1,200 lbs. may require 5-30 gal./head/day. Swine weighing from 25 to 500 lbs. may drink from 0.5-6 gallons of water/head/day. Water intake for goats and sheep are very similar. They will consume 0.1 gallons of water/head/day for a 5 lb. animal and can increase up to 2 gallons of water/head/day for one weighing 160 lbs. It is always best to offer water free choice, with precautions taken to ensure adequate amounts are consumed.
For more information concerning livestock water intake or other related topics, contact David Yount Jr., Assistant County Agent, Red River Parish, 318-932-4342 or your local Extension office.